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CARA MENGERJAKAN SOAL TOEFL STRUCTURE: CONJUNCTION

 

CONJUNCTIONS

 

 

FOKUS

 

·      Conjunction adalah sebuah kata yang menghubungkan kata-kata, frase, atau klausa. Terdapat tiga tipe conjunctions: coordinating conjunctions, paired conjunctions, dan subordinating conjunctions.

·      Coordinating conjunctions menghubungkan kata-kata tunggal atau sekelompok kata yang elemen-elemennya sama: misalnya, subject+subject, noun+noun, verb+verb, sentence+sentence.

Daftar Coordinating Conjunctions:  and, but, or, for, nor, yet, dan so

Contoh:

1. Mike and Ron went to Joan’s house yesterday

2. Mike closed his book and turned on the TV.

·      Paired conjunctions juga menghubungkan elemen-elemen kalimat yang sama, tetapi tidak seperti coordinating conjunctions, paired conjunctions selalu digunakan secara berpasangan.

Daftar Paired Conjunctions:  “both...and…”, “not only...but also…”, “either...or…”, “neither...nor…”, “whether...or…”

Ingat, paired conjunctions selalu dipakai dalam bentuk berpasangan.

Kecuali untuk pasangan “both…and…” yang selalu diikuti plural verb, subject yang terdekat dengan verb menentukan apakah verb tersebut ditulis dalam bentuk singular atau plural.

Contoh:

1. Both my friends and Mike are the member of the club.

2. Not only my friends but also Mike is the member of the club.

3. Not only Mike but also my friends are the member of the club.

4. Either my friends or Mike is the member of the club.

5. Either Mike or my friends are the member of the club.

 

·      Subordinating conjunctions umumnya menghubungkan main clause dengan sub clause.

Daftar subordinating conjunctions:

 

WAKTU

SEBAB - AKIBAT

PERTENTANGAN

SYARAT

after

because

although

if

before

since

though

unless

when

now that

even though

only if

while

as

whereas

whether or not

since

in order that

while

even if

until

so

 

in case (that)

 

PENTING

1. Semua subordinating conjunction di atas diikuti sebuah clause (klausa).

Contoh:

They were upset because they were delayed.        (BENAR)

They were upset because the delay.                      (SALAH)

   Although it rained, we enjoyed ourselves.             (BENAR)

Although the rain, we enjoyed ourselves.              (SALAH)

 

2. Subordinating conjunction juga dapat langsung diikuti sebuah adjective phrase (frasa kata sifat).

Although very tired, he……                                  (BENAR)

Although his tiredness,  …….                                (SALAH)

 

3.Kata-kata berikut:

Because of (dikarenakan oleh)

Due to (dikarenakan oleh)

Inspite of (meskipun)

Despite (meskipun)

digolongkan sebagai preposition dan selalu diikuti sebuah noun phrase (frasa kata benda)

contoh:

They were upset because of the delay.                     (BENAR)

They were upset because of they were delayed.       (SALAH)

Despite the rain, we enjoyed ourselves.                    (BENAR)

Despite it rained, we enjoyed ourselves.                   (SALAH)

 

 



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