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TYPES OF ELLIPSIS USED IN THE JAKARTA POST HEADLINE NEWS

TYPES OF ELLIPSIS USED IN THE JAKARTA POST HEADLINE NEWS
By Kurniawan


A newspaper is a printed publication appearing daily or weekly and containing news, advertisement, and articles on various subject (Lord, 2001:782). It is one of printed media which gives a lot of contributions to the people. By reading it, the readers can see phenomena and event happening in inland or overseas. A newspaper has important roles for people, since it brings some missions, such as informing the news, giving education, and entertaining the readers.
From a newspaper, readers can get many kinds of information like politic, economic, sport, entertainment, culture, etc. Although information can be found in other media like TV, people still need newspapers because of the news completeness. Most of information about the local news, this kind of news can be got easily in each newspaper. Beside delivering information, a newspaper also provides advertisements and useful articles to the readers. So, newspaper becomes a demand of society.
Because of the important role of newspaper, a newspaper needs to be able to transfer the news to the readers with exclusive language that is brief, solid, simple, fluent, clear, unadorned, and interesting. The language used must avoid long-winded explanations, be able to present a complete information, be able to use effective sentence, use alive diction, and be able to understood easily by the readers. Those characteristics becomes something that must be available in the newspaper language manner because a newspaper is read by all social stratum that do not have the same education level. In the other words, the language used must be understood with minimal intelectual standard.
Therefore, the language used in newspapers becomes the most essential thing. It can determine the quality of the newspapers. However, in the fact there are still many ambiguouslanguages which can be found because of the grammar (structural ambiguity) or the diction (lexical ambiguity) especially in news titles. This can cause misinterpretation or error of thoughts, a process of reasoning or argumentation that actually is not logical, wrong way, and misleading or, a sympton of thought error which is caused by a forcing a logical principles without paying attention ot the relevance (Sumaryono, 1998:9). The writing of news titles is sometimes rather difficult moreover in an English newspaper. One reason for this is that news titles are often written in a special style which is very different from ordinary English. In this style, there are some special srules of grammar, and words are often used in unusual ways (Swam, 1996:359).
In writing a news title, the use of ellipsis can not be avoided. It is the omission of words from sentences that are automatically understood so that the words do not need to be stated (www.geocities.com/eowilliam11/guide.html). The use of ellipsis is basically for effectivesness of the sentence so that the process of delivery and acceptance of the content or aim presented are described in the readers mind (Suroso, 2001:7). There are some types of ellipsis which are commonly used in the news titles. The following is the example of news title using elliptical sentence.
Four arrested with 176 kg of marijuana in Jakarta
The structure of the sentence is simple past tense in passive mood. Some parts of the sentence are omitted. The auxiliary verb is dropped from passive structure, leaving past participle. The complete structure of the sentence is:
Four people were arrested with 176 kg of marijuana in Jakarta
It is also an ellipsis after determiner because the noun after the determiner is dropped. It happens because the word people has been clear. Based on the context, it is impossible to be replaced with the word animal or other words.
Such ellipsis are often found in the news titles. Besides effectiveness reason, it is also for making them interesting. However, because of the language problems especially those of structure and vocabulary used in the English news titles it often arises misinterpretation. Accordingly, knowing structures and types of ellipsis in the news titles is very necessary in order to understand them easily.
In this research, the researcher would like to analyze the structure and type of ellipsis used in the news titles of The Jakarta Post. The Jakarta Post is one of newspaper which fulfills criteria as a good newspaper with brief, solid, simple, fluent, clear, unadorned, and interesting language. This English newspaper is widely read by Indonesian people for whom English is a foreign language. Therefore, it is not surprising that most of the readers may have difficulty in understanding the news titles or misinterprete them.
Considering such phenomena, this study describes about ellipsis used in the news titles. In order to know types of ellipsis used, the researcher analyzes news titles of The Jakarta Post.




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